Graft
/GRAFT/Joining vine scion to rootstock from different species.
Full Definition
Grafting joins the fruiting portion (scion) of a Vitis vinifera vine to rootstock from phylloxera-resistant American vine species. Necessary since the phylloxera epidemic devastated European vineyards in the late 1800s. Different rootstocks offer various characteristics: drought tolerance, vigor control, and soil adaptation.